Sure, you can use the GUI Servermanager to add/remove/list roles, but for the hardcode sysadmin, Powershell is the way to go. Start Powershell as admin and run:

Import-Module ServerManager

Get, list roles and features and status:

Get-WindowsFeature

Add, install a role or feature RSAT AD Tools:

Add-WindowsFeature RSAT-AD-Tools

You can add multiple roles and features to install at the same time:

Add-WindowsFeature RSAT-ADCS,RSAT-AD-Tools,PowerShell-ISE

Remove, uninstall a role or feature:

Remove-WindowsFeature RSAT-AD-Tools

That’s the basics… but here are some more useful commands. The list returned when running the Get is quite long so maybe you want to filter the result? This list only the features starting with AD*

Get-WindowsFeature AD*

And you can even add multiple wildcards listing all starting with AD and containing FTP

Get-WindowsFeature AD*,*FTP*

List only the roles that are installed (good for documentation):

Get-WindowsFeature | Where {$_.installed –eq $true}

And of course, you can combine the two just listing the AD stuff that is installed:

Get-WindowsFeature *AD* | Where {$_.installed –eq $true}

What’s your favorite combinations as sysadmins when working with the *-WindowsFeature command?